基于人血浆荧光光谱与CARS-PLS-LDA的结直肠癌早期检测

该文利用竞争性自适应加权算法（CARS）筛选重要的人血浆荧光光谱变量,并结合偏最小二乘法判别分析（PLS－LDA）建立了结直肠癌患者与非癌患者的分类模型,同时与全波长模型和基于平行因子分析（PARAFAC）建立的模型进行比较。从模型评价指标看,CARS－PLS－LDA的性能显著优于全波长模型和基于PARAFAC的模型。高波未稀释组和低波稀释组的荧光光谱结合CARS－PLS－LDA分类模型的AUC（Area under curve）值均高于0.9,可有效地识别结直肠癌患者。结果表明,CARS变量筛选能够明显改善结直肠癌分类模型的性能,有助于后续癌症临床诊断工具的开发与研究。     

基于蛋白模板金纳米簇及羟基氧化钴纳米片的激活型荧光纳米探针用于免标记和灵敏检测生物硫醇

该文基于牛血清白蛋白模板金纳米簇（BSA@AuNCs）与羟基氧化钴（CoOOH）纳米片构建了一种激活型荧光纳米探针用于生物硫醇的检测。带负电的BSA@AuNCs能通过静电吸附作用组装到带正电的CoOOH纳米片表面,与此同时,BSA@AuNCs的荧光由于内滤效应（IFE）有效地被CoOOH纳米片猝灭,形成BSA@AuNCs－CoOOH纳米探针。当向纳米探针溶液加入生物硫醇（0.05～150 μmol/L）时,生物硫醇与纳米探针中的CoOOH纳米片发生氧化还原反应,CoOOH纳米片被降解生成Co2+,同时释放出BSA@AuNCs,BSA@AuNCs荧光信号恢复。结果表明,该纳米探针可以检测低浓度的生物硫醇,对生物硫醇（半胱氨酸、谷胱甘肽和高半胱氨酸）的检出限为30 nmol/L。相对于其他的氨基酸、金属离子及糖类化合物,该纳米探针对生物硫醇具有较高的选择性并成功应用于人血清样品中生物硫醇的检测。     

基于红外隐身及多波段兼容隐身材料

随着探测系统的快速发展和探测精度的提高,隐身技术的需求日益迫切。由于传统的红外隐身材料面临着多途径目标探测的严峻挑战,因此开发既能满足红外隐身要求又能满足雷达隐身、可见光隐身、激光隐身要求的新型兼容隐身材料具有重要意义。红外隐身材料主要针对目标的红外辐射特征进行材料、结构设计,降低目标在背景中热红外辐射信号的突出性以及被热红外制导武器命中的概率。本综述概述了红外隐身及兼容材料的工作原理、制备方法及最新研究进展。首先介绍了最具有发展前景的红外隐身材料包括光子晶体、掺杂半导体、相变材料和纳米材料的结构特性、隐身机理和研究成果,重点关注了实现红外隐身的材料以及具体的隐身特性,讨论了红外兼容雷达、红外兼容可见光、红外兼容激光以及多波段兼容等材料的兼容隐身条件,并对其最新研究进展进行了系统的总结。最后,梳理了目前红外隐身材料以及各兼容材料所存在的不足及面临的困难,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

Copper Nanoparticles In鄄Situ Anchored on Nitrogen鄄Doped Carbon for High鄄Efficiency Oxygen Reduction Reaction Electrocatalyst北大核心CSCD

Compared with noble metal platinum (Pt)-based catalysts, inexpensive non-noble metal electrocatalysts have attracted extensive attention for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, chitosan as a kind of biomass resource rich in nitrogen and carbon was used to prepare nitrogen-doped carbon (N-C) and N-C in-situ anchored by copper nanoparticles (Cu/N-C). The as-obtained N-C and Cu/N-C nanoparticles were successfully used as non-noble eletrocatalysts tested for ORR. Compared with the N-C, the Cu/N-C showed the high surface area of 607.3 m2窑g-1 with the mean pore size of 2.5 nm and the pore volume of 0.40 cm3窑g-1. The most positive Gibbs free energy change was the rate determining step for ORR process with the 4e mechanism, where the value of the Cu (111)/N-C(-0.39 eV) was lower than that of the N-C(-0.26 eV). The Cu/N-C exhibited superior onset and half-wave potentials (0.96 V and 0.84 V, respectively) in alkaline media (0.1 mol窑L-1 KOH), all of which are much better than those measured for N-C and commercial Pt/C. Furthermore, the Cu/N-C showed superior methanol crossover avoidance and oxygen reduction stability. © 2021 Authors. All rights reserved.     

碳酸酯类电解液中Mg(NO3)2添加剂抑制锂枝晶生长的研究

在锂-硫化聚丙烯腈电池体系中,负极锂枝晶的形成和生长严重恶化了电池充放电性能,并给电池带来了安全隐患。而在更有利于稳定正极硫化聚丙烯腈材料的碳酸酯类电解液中,锂枝晶生长尤为严重。本文通过将硝酸镁添加到碳酸酯类电解液中,研究硝酸根和镁离子对锂金属表面改性的共同作用。实验数据发现,在硝酸根和镁离子共同作用下,锂枝晶生长被有效抑制。当硝酸镁浓度为100 mmol·L^-1时,锂铜半电池的库仑效率明显提高,并显著改善了锂-硫化聚丙烯腈电池的循环性能。300次循环后容量保持率为71%,远高于硝酸锂的61%和无添加剂的50%。     

Stability of Highly Concentrated Water-in-Oil Emulsions with Magnetic Nanoparticles and the Structure of Highly Porous Polymers Formed on Their Basis

Colloid Journal - The influence of the concentration and size of magnetite nanoparticles on the stability of highly concentrated water-in-oil emulsions containing styrene–divinylbenzene...     

Molecular design of multitarget neuroprotective agents 5. Modification with pharmacologically active fragments of 4,4- and 1,4-dipropargyl-5-methyl-2-phenylpyrazol-3-one

Russian Chemical Bulletin - A synthetic approach to the modification of the drug Edaravone with pharmacoactive moieties of adamantane, carbazole, tetrahydrocarbazole, and γ-carboline was...     

Sodium and Potassium tert-Butyl Peroxide Hydrates: Crystal Structure and Properties

Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry - Sodium and potassium tert-butyl peroxide hydrates 2Na+·2C4H9 $${\text{O}}_{2}^{ - }$$ ·7H2O (I) and 2K+· 2C4H9 $${\text{O}}_{2}^{ - }$$...     

Oxovanadium(IV) Complex with 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid and Bis(2-pyridyl-1,2,4-Triazol-3-yl)methane

Russian Journal of Coordination Chemistry - The synthesis of oxovanadium(IV) complex with 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (H4EDP) anion and bis(2-pyridyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methane (H2L) is...     

Revelation of ESIPT mechanism for the novel fluorescent system HNIBT in toluene and methanol solvents: A TDDFT study

In this work, we devote to explore excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) behavior for a novel fluorescent molecule naphthalimide‐based 2‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)‐benzothiazole (HNIBT) [New J. Chem. 2019, 43, 9152.] in toluene and methanol (MeOH) solvents. Exploring weak interactions, stable HNIBT‐enol, and HNIBT‐MeOH‐enol complex can be found in S₀ state via TDDFT/B3LYP/6‐311+G(d,p) level. Given photoexcitation, intramolecular hydrogen bond O1? H2···N3 of HNIBT‐enol and HNIBT‐MeOH‐enol is dramatically enhanced, which offers impetus for facilitates ESIPT reaction. After repeated comparisons, we verify the unavailability of intermolecular hydrogen bonding effects between HNIBT‐enol and MeOH molecules. In view of excitation, HOMO (π) → LUMO (π*) transition and the changes of electronical densities indeed impulse ESIPT tendency. Via constructing potential energy curves (PECs), for both HNIBT‐enol and HNIBT‐MeOH‐enol complex, the ESIPT could only occur along with intramolecular hydrogen bond O1? H2···N3. Through comparison, the potential barrier falls from 4.124 kcal/mol (HNIBT‐enol) to 2.132 kcal/mol (HNIBT‐MeOH‐enol). Therefore, we confirm that the ESIPT of the HNIBT system happens more easily in the MeOH solvent compared with the toluene solvent.